The Bipolar Brain and the Creative Mind Essay example -- Biology Essay

The Bipolar Brain and the Creative MindOur hospital was noted and had housed many great poets and singers. Did the hospital specialize in poets and singers, or was it that poets and singers specialized in madness? ... What is it just about meter and cadence and rhythm that makes their makers mad? (1)The data link between madness and creativity is one that has been hotly debated in both medical and literary circles for a long time. The two most common types of mental illness theorized to be an influence on creative people such as writers, artists, and poets were schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (2). However, various studies comparing the characteristics of schizophrenics, bipolars, and writers have conclude that schizophrenics do not share a common thought process with writers (2). In comparison, a study conducted at the University of Iowa declared that while both bipolar patients and writers tended to sort in large groups... arbitrarily change starting points, or use vague dis tantly related concepts as categorizing principles (p 107), the two differed in their abilities to reckon their thoughts (2). Where the exactly this line of control is located or indeed if there is a line at all is the debate in question.Bipolar disorder, excessively called manic depression, is a complex and often cruel illness that takes sufferers on a rollercoaster ride of emotional highs and deep depressions. During the mania period, either euphoria or irritability manifest themselves, and sometimes a combination of the two, called mixed mania(3). A person in a manic phase can as well as exhibit symptoms known to physicians as the DIGFAST symptoms distractibility is heightened insomnia is present due to increased energy grandiosity occurs in delus... ..., 1993.3)Medscape article, facts on bipolar disorder http//www.medscape.com/viewarticle/1510964)An article on the Pendulum website, about the possible links between bipolar disorder and creative personalitieshttp//www.pendul um.org/articles/creativity_troubled.htm5)A website to support those with bipolar illness, with a list of famous manic-depressiveshttp//users.frii.com/parrot/dead.html6)The Serendip webpage, an article entitled creativeness and Psychopathology http//serendip.brynmawr.edu/serendipia/Serendipia-Preti.html7)A website to support those with bipolar disorder, with an essay by a teenage girl about her bipolar illnesshttp//www.pendulum.org/writings/label_maker.htm8)An article posted from the lore News, about the relationship between creativity and bipolar illnesshttp//users.lycaeum.org/martins/M2/creativ2.html

We Need Tough Laws to Protect the Environment Essay examples -- Enviro

With Adam Smith and Milton Friedman among its illustrious fathers, the theory of the free market is a widely accepted and respected one today in America. It advocates the concept of a market as a self-regulating entity. By the working of natural principles such as free competition, consumer sovereignty, and maximization of the individuals self-interest, the market is sufficient to decide the allocation, utilization, and distribution of resources most fairly and efficiently. This characteristic of the market, known as the Invisible Hand, is constantly hailed as one of the most imperative mechanisms of a capitalistic economy.At the same time, it is recognized that the free market does have its few but important limitations, the most notable of which are the natural publication of monopoly, the existence of positive and negative externalities, the need for public goods that would not be provided by the market. Such instances necessitate the interference from institutions outside of th e market, most commonly the government.The degradation of the earths environment belongs to the last two groups of market failure types. Most proponents of the free market acknowledge that a clean environment can be considered as a public good because it defies the exclusionary principle and that conversely, environmental degradation is a negative externality. Thus, a certain reasonable degree of outside intervention is undeniable for the cause of environmental protection. The definition of this reasonable level of outside interference may vary depending on personal beliefs, but generally it can be characterized as the less, the better. Private organizations efforts are emphasized and preferred to governmental regulations and restrictions. Even w... ... Environmental Racism. Crisis in American Institutions. Edited by Jerome H. Skolnick and Elliot Currie. Allyn and Bacon. 2000.Commoner, Barry. Why We Have Failed. Crisis in American Institutions. Edited by Jerome H. Skolnick and El liot Currie. Allyn and Bacon. 2000.Free Market Environmentalism. Edited by Robert Knautz. Policy Spotlight. Volume 1. Number 5. May-June 1997.Gelbspan, Ross. The Heat Is On. Crisis in American Institutions. Edited by Jerome H. Skolnick and Elliot Currie. Allyn and Bacon. 2000.Inter Press Service. Big Corporations are Getting Bigger and Personal. December 4, 2000. March 5, 2001.Origins of Fossil Fuel Disinformation Campaigns. The Heat Is Online. March 5, 2001.Snell, Bradford Curie. American drop anchor Transport. Transport. 1973. Ideas & Institutions in American Society Course Reader, New York University. Spring 2001.

Market Segmentation †How & Why Essay -- Business Management Studies

Market Segmentation How & WhyAs well as the physical aspect of our store changing we experience to lookat the market differently. Where it was once possible to take a pileit high sell it cheap approach, to achieve broad conjure up to thepopulation we need to cater to the needs of the population. This isachieved by breaking the population into groups and then releasingproducts and services that meet the needs of these groups. This isknown as commit trade. Although we all appreciate the theoreticaleconomies of scale given by mass marketing a single product, there argonfew products that appeal to everyone. by nature this has led to asegmentation of markets as companies that marketed one product, nowproduce a range of products. An example of this is Coca Cola. Originally they sold one product, as well as standard coke we now havediet coke, coke with vanilla, cherry coke, sprite, lilt and many more(prenominal).By accepting that passel have different needs and different shoppingbe haviours we can market ourselves to these segments and attract newcustomers. There are six steps to market segmentation, targeting &positioning and these are1. Identifying qualities for segmenting the market2. Developing profiles of the segments created3. Develop measures of segment attractiveness4. Select target segment5. Develop positioning for each target segment6. Develop marketing mix for each target segment.We have talked about segmenting the market. The question is how do wedo this? There are many ways to segment. You could do this basedupon base income, gender, age, previous purchases etc. In factthere are many ways to identify different market segments and I willbriefly the more commonly used methods.GeographicalIt is possible to segment the population according to Geography,people from the North drink more Irn Bru than those from the South. This can be measured by the success of advertising, an example beingthe Jamie Oliver advert for Sainsburys was less successful in the north.Demographics.This is where segmentation is done by using personal characteristicsof the population Age, gender, income, map in the family life cycleetc.Socio Economic Grouping. This is based upon the occupational status of the head of thehousehold. It is based on the traditional social class governance of thiscount... ...e of segments enables a company to specifically target anaudience within a population. An example would be if I asked all ofyou what you would go out and spend lambert pounds on if I were to giveit to you now. The chances are that everyone would come back with adifferent suggestion. However it I likely that many of you would goand buy clothes, some you would go and buy CDs or DVDs and some ofyou may possibly save the money instead. By grouping people togetherit is possible to target a product at an audience that will wan to buythe product. This should ensure a return on coronation quickly forthe producer and could lead to rapid growth. However a universa lproduct is unlikely to appeal to a wide range of people so it ispossible for a producer to create products for different marketsegments. Today we are going to discuss in more detail Cola drinksand C.Ds as product within our superstores. For the purpose ofillustrating segmentation further it is worth noting that recentdemographic shift of men drinking Diet Coke has been state by CocaCola and their adverts are targeted far less specifically at womanthan the old Diet Coke break ads of the nineties.

Essay --

YMCA Community Action Program (Y-CAP)The YMCAThe YMCA is a leading nonprofit organization for youth development, healthy living and social responsibility. The YMCA, also known as the Y, is a nonprofit like no other. This is because in 10,000 neighborhoods across the nation, Y-CAP has the heading and partnerships to promise and deliver a positive change.HistoryThe Memphis YMCA was a lay-evangelical fellowship of young men united by a common loyalty to the Nazarene Christ for the first 15 years that it existed. In the 1860s, the Memphis YMCA became inactive due to the Civil War, and the Yellow Fever epidemics of the 1870s. After that period, the Memphis YMCA became permanently recognized in 1883. infinitesimal was known about the Memphis YMCA from 1883-1907, except the active leadership that had been provided by John R. pelt, who maintained the association and kept it worthwhile. In 1907 Thomas B. King and John R. Pepper were correspondingly the president and vice president of the association. The YMCA of Memphis piloted a create fund campaign and purchased a building site for $33,687, feeling the need for facilities. A $200,000 seven-story building was planned for the cite. By the time the building funds were raised Elias Porter was president. The outstanding seven-story structure was completed in 1909, just in time for the buildings inscription by President William Howard Taft, accompanied by governors from 27 states, on October 27, 1909. The Memphis YMCA opened over 150 years ago. The first building has been opened for more than one hundred years, serving youth as well as adults of Memphis in a variety of ways. Since 1909 the YMCA had developed and branched out in many directions. About the representationThe YMCA currently has eight full facility b... ...ng trouble feeding everyone in the home, Y-CAP could refer them to Mid-South Food Bank, who are in an alliance with them.ReviewY-CAP is the single virtually effective program I have seen for rightin g the path of wayward youth. My experience as a DeSoto County attorney has shown me the long term benefit to the county that Y-CAP offers. Y-CAP is able to deputize in the lives of young people and provide an opportunity for that young person to become a productive citizen. By proper guidance through Y-CAP, puerile offenders and at-risk youth are able to contribute to the community, rather than drain its law enforcement and other resources. Y-CAP is proven successful in helping youth by involving the spotless family. The benefits of a successful graduate are far reaching and an asset to the community that is immeasurable. William P. Myers, Attorney, Myers Graves, PLLC

The Myth of the American Dream :: ESL Essays

Striving for victor nobody thinks that he follows somebodys well planned way. A single soul or a sm either group does non create the notion of success, but it is created by our whole rules of order. The myth of instant wealth is one of the most popular myths society uses. In fact society uses the hope of instant wealth to make people work harder. The fact that they do not have a authentic chance of obtaining that wealth by competing in the economic system stays invisible to the most of people. When we imagine a successful person, we see a person, who is working(a) on some company and is busy working all the time. This person has a nice car and beautiful apartment or house, where he does not spend much time because he is so busy. We get this impression since we were born. Movies, magazines, and news everything supports this notion of a successful person. Interesting thing is that notion of success did not change very much since the beginning of last century. There happened so me variations but the idea stayed the same working hard will choose you to the top of the society circle. This idea became very popular in the end of eighteen hundreds thanks to the stories, written by Horatio Alger. In spite of similarity of all his books, his works had an edition of hundred thousand copies. Simple idea of getting into upper class circles starting line from the very down, was accepted by society as a model of success achievement. People have believed that if they will work hard than they can achieve success. Richard Hunter, main character of the book Ragged mother fucker has been a typical example of American notion of success. According to this book everybody can became well recognized and financially prosperous if they would work hard and expose their merit. Dick, a young gentleman on the way to fame and fortune, as his friend Fosdick from the story Ragged Dick describes him in the end of the story, climbs on the social ladder, starting from the very bottom. Being absolutely illiterate and having no money in the beginning, Dick gets into business circle of people, by working hard and showing his merit. wherefore did this story become so popular in the end of eighteenth century? People always need hope and this story gave hope to everyone. If person from the lowest class of society could get into the high class then everyone else was able to do the same.

Review of Grahams Magazine Essay -- Literature History

whole meal flours Ladys and Gentlemans Magazine (Grahams) is a monthly published literary periodical although it allots opposite fields including engravings, fashion, and music to a small portion. This magazine deals with variety of literary fields from short stories, poetry, and essays handle various tastes from publications to sentimental literature. During those periods, the contributors to the magazine, in addition to numerous writers who exist only in tarnishing paper, are included such canonical writers as Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Mrs. Lydia H. Sigourney, James Fenimore Cooper, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Edgar Allan Poe, among others. through its inclusiveness in genres and wide range of literary works, Grahams gained a broad recordership, and simultaneously the magazine contributed to forging white American idealism by keeping silence on political or social issues at that time and reinforcing the already establish social system. This magazines silence for the coetaneous i ssues is evident from its non-existent, editorial statement. One can hardly find explicit editorial position during 1843-44 for mainly two reasons. The owner and chief editor George R. Graham did non have his specific taste for literature or editorial position his first concern was apparently a cultural business not culture itself. In his article A Brief History of Graham Magazine, Frank Luther Mott mentions that this magazine was the result of the combination of the Casket Flowers of Literature, Wit and Sentiment and Burtons Gentlemans Magazine. He continues to contend that when Graham purchased the two magazines and merged as Graham Magazine, he just followed the merits from each magazine, which would promote the readership (364). On the other hand, Grah... ...ally have when opening a printed magazine. That is mainly because of the textual modes, microfilm or digitalized texts. When authors works display in the screen in a small portion at a time, it produces another ahistorical text. This time one needs not draw one work from an anthology. Instead, the reader has to read the text confined by modern technology, which again alienates the text from the cultural or social atmosphere in the period when the magazine actually published. plant life CitedCasper, Scott E., et al. A History of the Book in America. Vol. 3. The Industrial Book 1840-1880. Chapel Hill UP of North Carolina, 2007. Print. Editors Table. Grahams American Monthly Magazine 26.6 (1844) 296. Google Books. Web. 25 Sept. 2010.Mott, Frank Luther. A Brief History of Grahams Magazine. Studies in Philosophy 25.3 (1928) 362-74. Web. 9 Oct. 2010.

Review of Grahams Magazine Essay -- Literature History

Grahams Ladys and Gentlemans snip (Grahams) is a monthly published literary rate of flowical although it allots other fields including engravings, fashion, and music to a small portion. This clip deals with variety of literary fields from shortstop stories, poetry, and essays handle various tastes from belles-lettres to sentimental literature. During those periods, the contributors to the magazine, in addition to numerous writers who exist only in tarnishing paper, are included such canonical writers as Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Mrs. Lydia H. Sigourney, James Fenimore Cooper, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Edgar Allan Poe, among others. Through its inclusiveness in genres and wide range of literary works, Grahams gained a broad readership, and simultaneously the magazine contributed to forging snow-clad American idealism by keeping silence on political or social issues at that time and reinforcing the already establish social system. This magazines silence for the contemporary issues is evident from its non-existent, editorial statement. One can hardly find explicit editorial position during 1843-44 for mainly two reasons. The possessor and chief editor George R. Graham did not have his specific taste for literature or editorial position his first concern was apparently a cultural business not culture itself. In his article A Brief History of Graham Magazine, Frank Luther Mott mentions that this magazine was the result of the combination of the enclose Flowers of Literature, Wit and Sentiment and Burtons Gentlemans Magazine. He continues to contend that when Graham purchased the two magazines and merged as Graham Magazine, he just followed the merits from to each unrivaled magazine, which would promote the readership (364). On the other hand, Grah... ...ally have when opening a printed magazine. That is mainly because of the textual modes, microfilm or digitalized texts. When authors works display in the screen in a small portion at a time, it produces anothe r ahistorical text. This time one needs not draw one work from an anthology. Instead, the reader has to read the text confined by modern technology, which again alienates the text from the cultural or social atmosphere in the period when the magazine actually published. Works CitedCasper, Scott E., et al. A History of the Book in America. Vol. 3. The Industrial Book 1840-1880. Chapel Hill UP of North Carolina, 2007. Print. Editors Table. Grahams American Monthly Magazine 26.6 (1844) 296. Google Books. Web. 25 Sept. 2010.Mott, Frank Luther. A Brief History of Grahams Magazine. Studies in Philosophy 25.3 (1928) 362-74. Web. 9 Oct. 2010.

SHC

They need to investigating current regulations and laws to do with setting and running a business. In the setting the practitioners need to take t give away ensemble the necessary steps to ensure they be belongings the children well and safe. The early years providers need to safe guard duty the children, ensure the suitability of adults who select contact with the children, promote near(a) health, manage behavior and primary(prenominal)tain records and policies and procedures. The practitioners need to be continually progress through the calling and atomic number 18 on the track they want to be and have the confidence to do this at heart their place of work.The childrens study needs to be continued through out there journey with the setting. This will be done by focused observations, scrappy observations, picture, art work and tracking the children using the E. Y. F. S. There are many potential barriers to professional development that base stop the setting or the indivi dual practitioner to do these Time- the practitioners may find that finding meter to get away to do things can be tricky. This may accordingly put the practitioner behind in their work which will then messiness up and they are falling behind within the work place.Time is a crucial factor in individualized growth and development, and many individuals lack overflowing of it. Between ark responsibilities, childcare issues and just trying to survive on a day-to- day basis, you may find yourself lacking the hours necessary to devote to your own goals. Commitments- all the practitioners have other commitment other than work and this could mean that unless the work is done within work time they wont do it as they wont be taking it home to do. Attitude -A negative attitude is a major factor in this area.If you start out with the belief that positive development is unlikely to occur, then no matter how hard you work on it, your belief will sabotage any efforts you may draw in. Peers- Peers also can complicate our efforts to improve ourselves. Peers a lot try to sabotage our goals, either consciously or unconsciously. They degrade our efforts toward growth because those efforts remind them of the growth they could be pursuing but have chosen to forgo. visitation to Plan- Lack of proper planning and preparation can lead to haphazard attempts to fulfill goals -? a recipe for wasted energy and efforts.If you are trying to pause a habit, start a new career or glean insights into your thought processes, be sure to have at least a primal plan to reach these goals. Http//www. Owe. Com/I development. HTML 05. 04. 2014 There are many different sources and systems of support for professional development within the work place. They are Inductions, appraisals and development plans, in-house teach colleges and training organizations Inductions- on an induction this is to get to know everything you may need to know about the setting. This will be the opportunity to find o ut who works within the setting.On the induction you will be given all the policies and procedures and will be given a tour of the setting you will feature various forms ND given various information. Inductions are very informative and give the practitioners positive information and make them feel welcome within the setting. Appraisals- The main purpose of appraisal is to give the appraise the opportunity to reflect on their work and learning needs in order to improve their performance. This can be achieved through discussing their development and feedback on their job performance in a way that is constructive and motivational.It should result in an effective personal development plan. So lesson one is not to spend 95% of the time available rely reviewing past performance and lesson two is to involve the appraise fully in the backchat so that they can get the maximum benefit from it. The staff member should also be aware that they can raise any issues that they may have throughout all the year. Appraisals are very good as they give the practitioner time to raise their voice to any issues they may have. They could also make the practitioners feel its all one side and there manager is making it feel like that.Personal development plans- In the process, staff members also set personal placement goals that will increase their ability to contribute to the success Of your organization. The accomplishment of these goals also provides a foundation for their career success whether in your organization or elsewhere, so they ought to be motivated and excited about achieving this goal. Your system of Performance Management, with the PDP process for goal setting and communication, will ensure that you are developing a superior workforce.PDP meetings are held, at least, quarterly to review the staff persons progress on the overall goals and objectives. Your staff persons progress on the action plans that result from the PDP goals is reviewed at your weekly one-on-one meet ing. This weekly meeting allows you to offer assistance and to identify any alleviate or tools the staff person needs to succeed. This can be good for the practitioner as it can set them target to set them across they year they. Will be set either at the appraisals or the practitioner will do them on their own. The setting will then provide as much support to the individual to achieve their goals. Http//humorousness. About. Com/CSS/ prearrangement/a/PDP. Tm 05. 4. 2014 In-house training colleges and training organizations- This gives practitioners the opportunity to do any training courses within their setting and gives them the help and support within their training opportunities. This can be good for the individual as they are achieving and moving further on with their career while still working and enjoying their job. There are lots of factors to consider when selecting opportunities and activities for keeping knowledge and practice up to date.They can be the individual strength s and weakness if there interested, financial factors, raining. The individual can discuss this within their supervision/ appraisals and they can look at what training they want to do. They can also look at their goals they have set and see if there manageable and achievable within their setting. They need to consider their strengths and weakness and if they are up to do their goals they have set. Financial factors- The setting needs to be able to work out follow for all the training opportunities so that it is split fairly and all staff within the setting get to achieve their goals.They also need to aka sure what they are paying for they are getting so it has to be Cost effective. Look at the individual do they need the training, how best to give the training , Is the training the individual wants to do is it accredited does it apply to the job is it appropriate. Reflective practice is a way of studying your own experiences to improve the way you work. The act of formula is a gr eat way to increase confidence and become a more proactive and qualified professional. Engaging in reflective practice should help to improve the quality of care you give and close the gap twine theory and practice.

Factors Affecting Academic Interest Essay

A NOAA (AOML) in situ pCO2 sensor (SAMI-CO2), attached to a Coral lower Early Warning body station in Discovery Bay, Jamaica, utilized in conducting marine acidification studies near red precious coral get down beasAustraliaMain article Environmental threats to the Great Barrier get down The Great Barrier Reef is the institutions largest coral let down system.46474849 The reef is located in the Coral Sea. A large part of the reef is protected by the Great Barrier Reef ocean Park. Particular environmental pressures include run off-key, salinity fluctuations, climate change, cyclic crown-of-thorns out spites, over searching, and spills or improper stabilize discharge. atomic number 34 AsiaSee also atomic number 34 Asia coral reefsSoutheast Asian coral reefs ar at risk from damaging fishing practices (such as nitril and blast fishing), overfishing, sedimentation, pollution and bleaching. Activities including education, regulation and the establishment of ocean protected argonas help protect these reefs.IndonesiaIndonesia is home to one third of the worlds corals covering to the highest degree 85,000 square kilometres (33,000 sq mi) and one quarter of its fish species. Indonesias coral reefs are located in the heart of the Coral Triangle and convey fallen victim to destructive fishing, tourism and bleaching. Data from 414 reef monitoring stations in 2000 found that and 6% are in excellent thoughtfulness, while 24% are in good condition, and approximately 70% are in poor to fair condition.50PhilippinesIn 2007, Reef Check, the worlds largest reef preservation organization, stated that only 5% of Philippines 27,000 square kilometres (10,000 sq mi) of coral reef are in excellent condition Tubbataha Reef, Marine Park in Palawan, Apo Island in Negros Oriental, Apo Reef in Puerto Galera, Mindoro, andVerde Island Passage off Batangas. Philippine coral reefs is Asias second largest.51TaiwanCoral reefs in Taiwan are being threatened by human population g rowth. Many corals are affected by untreated sewage and souvenir-hunting tourists, not knowing that this practice destroys habitat and causes disease. Many corals have sullen black from disease off Taiwans southeast coast.52-IndonesiaIndonesia has 2,915,000 square kilometers of marine area. The reef area is 51,020 square kilometers. Of that amount, 82% of it is at risk. Indonesia holds 17% of the worlds total coral reef areas. Blast fishing, which has been illegal since 1985 still goes on today, along with nitril fishing (1995). An some other factor that is hurting the coral reefs in Indonesia is the amount of coral that they export. They are the worlds largest exporter of corals, exporting about 500 tons of coral per year.16 COREMAP is helping Indonesia with their destruction of corals by on the job(p) in 9 of the 32 provinces. They want to 1. Heighten law enforcement to protect coral reefs2. Establish coral reef monitoring and information systems, in battle array to conduct re search on the status of coral reefs and more(prenominal) effectively disseminate that information to stakeholder groups 3. Develop conjunction-based management systems and increase common participation in coral reef resource management 4. Increase institutional capacity and strengthen inter-institutional coordination in planning and implementing policy that affects coral reef management, and 5. Enhance public knowledge of the importance of coral reef and motivate great deal to actively participate in the management and carryable use of coral reefs.PhilippinesThe Philippines, with more than 7,000 islands and unassailable ocean body of waters, surround about 26,000 square kilometers of coral reef. 3 These coral reefs have recently brought the attention of beneficial economic uses to the Philippines government.4Benefits of Coral Reefs in Philippines1. Coral reefs break the waves from the chance of eroding the coastline of the islands 5 2. Protection of Communities the reefs act as buffer zones meaning they decrease the power of typhoons and hurri sackes as they approach the Philippine Islands 6 3. Economic Benefits Fishing off the coral reefs, profits from tourism, for example, Diving tours and snorkeling areas on the shallow reefs. These economic benefits create many late jobs and profitable opportunities to the country.StateFor the past 50 days, the equilibrium of degraded reefs in Indonesia increased from 10 to 50%. From 1989 to 2000 reefs with over 50% ope send coral cover declined from 36 to 29%. Western Indonesia, which is more certain and holds the majority of the nations population, faces the greatest threats to its coral reefs. Surveys concluded that reef condition improves from west to east. The pctage of reefs in good or excellent condition (live coral cover of 50% or more) is 23% in western Indonesia versus 45% in eastern Indonesia. 65% of surveys taken from the Maluku islands had evidence of bomb damage. In addition, reefs affected by lan d-based pollution (i.e. sediment discharge into reefs by deforestation, industry, sewage, and fertilizer) show 30-50% less diversity at depths of three meters and 40-60% less diversity at 10 meters in comparison to pristine reefs. The 1997-1998 el Nino event triggered widespread bleaching in Indonesia, with western and west-central Indonesia most affected.Bleaching was recorded in East Sumatra, Java, Bali, and Lombok. In the Seribu Islands northwest of Jakarta, 90-95% of coral reef from the reef flat down to 25 meters died. 2 years later, the Seribu Islands signifi endtly recovered, with live coral cover of 20-30% (2000). Coral reefs in Indonesia are located near Java (Batavia), Nusa Dua, Jakarta and Saribu. 8 30% of the Philippines coral reefs are dead while 39% are dying. The news isnt all bad Establishment of the Sumilon Island marine reserve has resulted in a marked comeback of fish in adjacent areas. Along with the establishment of the Sumilon Island marine reserve, there is anticipate for the Philippines via boosts in ecotourism. In recent years, local Filipino governments have discovered that fishing is not the only economic benefit the reefs can provide.They are confident that with a spread of ecotourism, even local fishermen result reap the financial benefits of this economic arena. A surge in coral reef conservation education is helping the tourism sector provide information to tourists on how to preserve the coral reefs while they enjoy the beauty and serenity of the reefs.17The Philippines ecotourism sector is unfortunately stifled at this time due to a limited budget and there are approximately 7,000 islands to patrol for destructive fishing techniques.8 9. crushing fishing techniques are thought to be the largest contributor to reef degradation in the Philippines. The first ever mass-bleaching event in the Philippines was reported in 1998-99. It began at Batangas, off Luzon, in June 1998 and then proceeded nearly clockwise somewhat the Phi lippines, correlating with anomalous sea-surface temperatures.Most reefs of northern Luzon, west Palawan, the Visayas, and parts of Mindanao were affected. Subsequent mortalities were highly variable, with decreases in live coral cover ranging from 0.7 to 46 percent and up to 80 percent in Bolinao. Recent surveys in 1997 found a low percentage of reefs to be in excellent condition. They found only 4 percent of Philippine reefs in excellent condition (i.e., over 75 percent hard or soft coral cover), 28 percent in good condition (50-75 percent coral cover), 42 percent in fair condition (25-50 percent coral cover), and 27 percent in poor condition (less than 25 percent coral cover). The Visayas have experienced the most significant decline in coral cover, exhibiting an average of only 11 percent hard coral cover. 10 A study in the early 90s revealed that coral reefs are damaged by a variety of human activities such as household sewage, industrial waste, and agricultural chemicals from land that are washed to the sea. 11This was a new finding for the time period in which it was widely believed that the main damage to coral reefs was causes by oil spills or from pollution dumped by ships. This survey was difficult on SE Asia mainly because it was believed that coral reefs in this region were at great threat of extinction if continued to be unmanaged. In the last cardinal years climate change has had the most harmful effect on corals. (Hughes) Currently one of the major issues the Indonesian government is dealing with is climate change. (CIA Worldfactbook) When the ocean warms such as in El Nino, coral bleaching occurs, which kills the coral. (Hughes) The reefs are incredibly important to the economy and people of Southeast Asia.The reefs bring in $1.6 billion a year through fishing, employment, and the tourist industry. (Reefs at Risk in Southeast Asia Key Findings 2002) Today, the coral reefs located in the Philippines and Indonesia are in great danger. Fisherme n are constantly practising dangerous methods such as blast fishing and dynamite fishing. These practices prove to be detrimental to the coral reefs as well as the marine life in the surrounding areas. Because of the dangerous methods, fish that are usually near the coral reefs are no longer there any more. Two of these fish are Groupers and snappers. According to David Nockels it was only seven years ago that 30% of the reefs were dead in this region and many more were dyingMarine protected areasAmongst the many proposed solutions to the problems plaguing coral reefs in Southeast Asia is the creation of marine protected areas (MPAs). Currently marine protected areas make up around 8% of the area of Southeast Asian coral reefs.26 The World Commission on Protected Areas 12, amongst other groups, has been active in establishing MPAs in Southeast Asia. However, the success rate of MPAs in Southeast Asia is low, with an estimated 14% of MPAs rated effectively managed.30 13 This rate ref lects the difficulty of implementing MPAs. Moreover, it shows that much work is still needed to make MPAs successful in Southeast Asia. IUCN has specify an MPA as any area of intertidal or subtidal terrain, together with its overlying water and associated flora, fauna, historical and cultural features, which has been reserved by law or other effective means to protect part or all of the enclosed environment.31In other words, an MPA is a marine area in which the water column and all the life that exists in it are protected through laws. These laws restrict certain practices within the MPA, which can differ per MPA. Marine protected areas, in sum, provide a marine asylum which can foster an increase in marine biodiversity.32 (See also 14). This increased biodiversity is though to be able to slaver over to the non-protected surrounding areas in which fishing can take place. This is important for a number of reasons. In the Southeast Asian context, especially amongst the islands of t he Philippines and Indonesia, the sea and people are very much interconnected. As mentioned, the sea provides both a source of income and source of food for the people. In the Philippines, for example, 67% of protein food consumption comes from fish and fish products. Additionally, roughly one million people in the Philippines are employed in the fishing industry.33Increased fish stocks resulting from marine protected areas only add to the solutions needed to revitalize Southeast Asian economies, life systems, and coral reefs. In addition, the LMMA (Locally-Managed Marine Area) Network is another organization that takes part in the Southeast Asia marine conservation. Similar to the MPA, the LMMA also provides protection areas in the sea. However, according to the definition above, an LMMA is an example of an MPA because an MPA includes a large space within and close by the area. The LMMA involves members from around the world, and the communities within the managed areas. The goal o f LMMA is to allow members and local communities to learn the uses of protected resources.15 Due to the massive destruction of coral reefs in Southeast Asia, the LMMA has established two areas in Eastern Indonesia Padaido Islands, Biak, West Papua, and Southern Ambon Island and the Moluccas Islands and various areas in the Philippines.With the help of the LMMAs, the local communities would learn to preserve their marine goods, and be able to maintain for longer years. Gradually, the communities will accommodate bigger and healthier fish. 16 There are an estimated four hundred MPAs in the Philippines. Of the 400 only 16% have yielded an increase in bio-diversity. The high tribulation rate is due to poor management and a lack of regulation.34Despite the numerous failures there have been successes. One of the best known areas is Apo island where a small community has effectively managed an MPA since the mid 1980s. The Apo MPA includes a ban on detrimental fishing practices and a no-ta ke zone covering 10% of their reef. Apos reef has thrived giving hope to Philippine reefs.35Contributions for managementThe state of the coral reefs in the Philippines and Indonesia are depleting with every blink of an eye. It is to no ones surprise that the Philippines have lost more than 80% since the 1920s. In Indonesia it is a little better due to the some drastic activenesss made by the government. On December 6, 2002 the Asian Development depository financial institution (ADB) approved a US$33 million loan in order to save what is the rest of these important organisms. Over fishing, illegal fishing methods, and overpopulation have all contributed to the decline of the coral reefs both in the Philippines and Indonesia. Along with the loan the Coral Reef Rehabilitation and Management Project (Phase II), the second part of a three phase plan has given us all hope in restoring coral reefs in this part of the region. The Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries will negociate the whole entire project with a due date of June 30, 2009. If it all goes according to plan the fishing industry will be the benefited the most.However, government action is not always necessary to manage reefs. When the community dependent on the resources provided by coral works together to save and restore the fish population, the results can be very good. The community managed reefs of Apo Island, located in the southern Philippines, known worldwide for its success. The waters around Apo Island are home to about 650 species of fish and 400 species of corals. The waters of Apo Island were not always this full of life. Fishing is the major occupation on the island, and even those who do not fish, rely on the catch for their protein. So when a fishermans catch began shortening, after years of unregulated fishing, it was very easy for them to resort to destructive methods of fishing,such as blast fishing and cyanide fishing, to get by.These methods almost led to the end of the already dwindling fish stocks. The community began, through education and widespread involvement, the process of making these practices socially unacceptable.36 heap began patrolling the waters in a small area with the intention of allowing fish to flourish and repopulate and then spill over into areas that had been fished out. This informal establishment of a sanctuary was first met with a lot of resistance, eventually though, after seeing the obvious improvements, the island community and local council were able to formalize the sanctuary in 1985, three years after it started. This formalization extended the sanctuary to water surrounding the island up to 500 meters from the shore and declaring a portion a no-take fish sanctuary.37To manage the coral reefs effectively to preserve what is left of the beautiful natural resource, individual people must unite. If the marine ornamentals trade is to successfully turn around and begin to sustain more live fish, certain people must perform their jobs to the fullest. Firstly, there if lobbyists are responsible about the issue, they will provide sound animals, maintain healthy reefs, sustain reef animal populations, and adequately compensate fishing communities for their efforts. Also, responsible industry operators must minimize animal mortality and habitat impacts and focus on animal health and quality collection practices. The problem with this method, though, is that merely trust and word of mouth arent enough. If we are to legitimately depleting the coral reefs in Southeast Asia, we must set international standards.

Media lab

Taking over the counter drug for some of the symptom of cold, fever and some ailments that we experience is not the best thing to do it is actually deprivation of ones defence mechanisms. This is because some of the common sickness like cold serves as defence mechanism to the body. Common cold tends to notify a person of the environment he or she is and sometimes tells you to relocate from the place. If these symptoms atomic number 18 not there it might result into organ damage without notification.Defences like running play nose, cough, fever and diarrhoea, are beneficial because they tend to notify us of an underline problems, for instance a person experiencing diarrhoea will know that he or she has taking something that is toxic and will stop and desist from taking such things. Some of these diseases also help in the cleansing process. For instance, when a person coughs, it cleans the bacterial from the respiratory passage and the lungs. The problem we are facing is the ability to distinguish between disease and defence of the body systems.Since the pathogens that cause diseases evolved before us, we are conjectural to them, so there is a need for our body to fight those pathogens and our body has over time develop these defence mechanism against these pathogens.These defence mechanism are so important to the body to the extent that if they are absent in the body, it can lead so impaired function of the systems or even death. For instance, the early(a) nausea experienced by the pregnant women most times prevent them from eating bad food that can injure their foetus and also population that experience no pain always have joint problems or die young.REFERENCEDavid Krog (2003) http//wps.prenhall.com/esm_krogh_biology_3/ Retrieval Date April 23 2008Anthony Trollope (June 1995) Sickness can be Good http//www.chester.ac.uk/sjlewis/DM/TEXTS/TEXT2.H Retreival DateApril 23, 2008.

Why Grammar Is Important

It is obvious that not many people realize how important grammar is. T present are so many abbreviations and so much slang nowadays, it is impossible to know what people mean. I cant even count how many times I have had to call someone to ask them what they were talking about in a text message because they didnt use correct punctuation and grammar. I never did acquit attention that much to grammar or punctuation either when I was in elementary and middle school. However, ever since I have gotten to soaring school, I have become a grammar Nazi.Which brings me to this conclusion, children are being educated enough to be enlistd for a occupancy, they just choose not to pay attention in class. Now I know that my conclusion sounds bad, so let me elaborate. Jobs should not be so critical on who they choose to hire especially when it is something as petty as getting to and too mixed up. It depends on the trouble though what kind of English education they should have. If a job does not require much writing, what difference does it make? Unless you are using things like YOLO or LOL on your resume, then there is no problem.If a job requires good English, then yes, I can see the problem. I must admit, however, that I have heard some waiters and cashiers use some odd grammar. It makes you bet twice about what it takes to get a job in todays time. I understand that homophones can be confusing. Think about it, here and hear, theyre, their, and there. Is it just me, or do other people realize that it is not that hard to realize the differences? As I said, I have become a complete grammar Nazi, I HATE seeing things like that. I went to there signal and theyre dog bit me. No, you went to their house and their dog bit you. I swear, it is as if people make these idiotic mistakes on purpose. Something else that not many people know, grammar saves lives Moreover, faces. Take for instance a disputation like this Lets it Grandma It should be, Lets eat, Grandma It is amazin g how one simple comma can save a dear old muliebritys life. Woman without her man is nothing. Pardon me? More like, Woman Without her, man is nothing. That is better.Also, a bit of advice for those trying to sound awesome when they say, I could care less, its, I couldnt care less. By saying that you could care less is implying that you do actually care. As you can see, grammar has a huge impact of our lives. It also is the al-Qaida of the difference between what you want people to think you mean, and what they think you mean. So make life easy on everyone, use correct grammar and spelling. Stop unify baby seals. OR, stop clubbing, baby seals. Remember, grammar saves lives.

Globalization and Environmental Effects on our planet Essay

worldwideization and the Environmental Effects on our Planet We live on a very fortunate planet that solelyows the human race to non only survive on it, only when also to thrive in its reconciled temperatures, congenital resources, and prosperous ecosystem. But the effects of globalization, pollution, global warming and other environsal problems threaten our survival as a species in this ecosystem. Many debate that through technology, commerce, and travel globalization leave behind lead us to scotch prosperity, while conservationists and scientists atomic number 18 working hard to preserve the priceless resources that our earth has to snap us.The widespread changes that ar brought ab verboten due to globalization catch a lasting impact on our environment and threaten our survival. These global changes make sympathy our world both challenging and a necessary task if our future depends agreement these concepts in all their various forms. Our ecosystems are altered by the financial decisions we make today and the energy we use, the pollutions we create will affect our lives for our children and our childrens children, if we dont destroy ourselves by then.Globalization is a very reliable phenomenon and a concept hat most people do not fully come to grasp in order to understand the ramifications of it. Globalization does not Just affect our societies economically, but also politically and socially as well. The media does an extensive Job at portraying the ideologies and opinions of globalization through politicians and activist groups, but does not accurately portray the arguments or the ever expanding inequality gap between the naughty and poor and the lack of evidence to demonstrate the achievement of the strain down effect.Globalization is most commonly defined as , the increasing nterconnectedness of people and places through converging processes of economic, political, and ethnic change (Rowntree, Lewis, Price, & Wyck aside, 2003). This mean s that once-distant regions and cultures are right off linked together through commerce, travel, and communications causing an economic reorganization of our worlds systems. Early forms of globalization pick up been seen since the early years of our societies, including the startle era of globalization before World War I seemed to shrink our global finance capitalism system.The inventions of the steamship, telegrams, and ventually the telephone are all examples of the increase of globalization in our earlier societies that have had a huge impact on our political, cultural, and economic systems. But this new era of globalization, as mentioned by Thomas Friedman, is not only different in degree than the previous era of globalization, but is also driven differently and is increasing at a pace neer witnessed before (Friedman, 2000).Since the Industrial Revolution, some(prenominal) may argue that contemporary globalization is the most fundamental reorganization of the socioeconomic structure, but few agree on whether the benefits actually outweigh the costs. In previous eras, inventions such as the railroad, steamships, and automobiles increased globalization and the falling transportation costs allowed people to get to more places cheaper and smart than ever betore.Now, the talling costs ot telecommunications allow todays era ot globalization to link the world together even tighter than before. Microchips, the internet, satellites, and cellphones allow societies and cultures of greater distances to connect quickly and cheaply in order to conduct business, form relationships, and transfer information from one geographic location to another. Travel has become aster and more cost effective, communications with other countries have become easier, and people are able to offer and exchange services globally.This is why Friedman defines globalization as, The inexorable integration of markets, nation- states and technologies to a degree never witnessed before- in a way that is enabling individuals, corporations and nation-states to reach around the world farther, faster, deeper and cheaper than ever before, and in a way that is enabling the world to reach into individuals, corporations and nation-states farther, faster, deeper, cheaper than ever before. (Friedman, 2000, p. 9) not everyone has profited from economic globalization, nor have the benefits been felt equally in certain world regions.The multitude of economic changes due to increases in communication, travel, and financial decisions have triggered fundamental cultural changes to many populations, which have threatened local cultural diversity. Globalization, especially in its economic form, is one of the most contentious issues today. Economic globalization is often applauded by those who believe that economic efficiency will result in a rising prosperity for the entire world, ut in actuality it will only more often than not benefit those who are already prosperous, increasing the g ap between the rich and poor, all while lessen cultural and ecological diversity around the world.Globalization is not a natural process, instead it promotes free market and export oriented economies at the expense and exploitation of localized activities and resources. The inequality between the rich and poor from this trickle down effect is actually increasing the shareage of poor people in most world regions. To put this into perspective, 20 per centum of the worlds richest people onsume 86 percent of the worlds resources equally the wealthiest countries have grown much richer (Rowntree, Lewis, Price, & Wyckoff, 2003).While the richer seem to be acquiring richer, the poor grow more and more impoverished, with the least amount of consumption of these global resources. The poorest 80 percent use only about 14 percent of global resources, with the poorest 10 percent seeing their income decline in the past couple decades (Rowntree, Lewis, Price, & Wyckoff, 2003). Economic globaliz ation is an unavoidable phenomenon that holds both promises and drawbacks. At certain levels, we offernister use globalization to suppress some economic inequalities and protect the natural environment.In order to make globalization work for our future generations and our planet, there inescapably to be a kind of openness in education and social cohesion that stresses the need for strong, efficient organisations that can create networks of environmental and human rights groups with government policies. With these interrelations between the 2 extremes of pro- globalization and anti-globalization wings, we can create the opportunity for profit and growth through complementary institutions, such as the government and social ssurance.Although these economic activities seem to be the driving force behind globalization, the consequences attect every aspect ot lite and land in our day and age. Our ecosystem is affected due to the demand for natural resources as global commodities and our planets physical environment is at risk. As Rowntree, et al. points out, our local ecosystems are altered by financial decisions made thousands of miles international these activities have profound and detrimental implications for the worlds climates, oceans, and forests (Rowntree, Lewis, Price, & Wyckoff, 2003).Unfortunately for our global environment, the pace of destruction has worsened and our reaction to the climate crisis is much too atonic if we plan on inhabiting this planet for the next 50, 60, 70+ years. Our earth is a beautiful and magnificent place for life to form and grow, but our time on this planet is not going to last much longer if we do not do something about our environmental impact on the planets natural resources. In a biological sense, our environment is defined as, the complex of climatic, biotic, and social factors that acts upon an organism and determines its orm and survival (Class lecture,week 6).Nature is our basis of well being and the biodiversit y has delcined glabally 30 percetn between 1970 and 2008. As A1 venire discusses in his book An Inconvient Truth, Many people still rely on our planet as if it is big enough to induce our habits forever. Some still assume that the earth is so big that we could never use up all its resources. Due to globalization and population growth, we are influencing many parts of our earths environments, especially the most vulnerable, the atmosphere (Gore, 2006).Humans see themselves as apart from ature, instead of as a part of nature. How we live, what we consume, all impacts our environment. The earths atmosphere is so thin that we are actually capable of changing its composition by the massive amount of degree Celsius dioxide we have pumped into it. highschool income countries, much like the U. S. , have a footprint 5 times greater that that of low income coutnries, thus leading to the loss of biodiverstiy and impacting the ecosystem. (WWF Global, 2012).The world is undergoing major chan ges, glacier are melting, species are on the verge of extinction, sea levels are rising, and temperatures are heating up. Global warming is a direct result of humans living in disharomony with the planet and its natural resources. We are beginning to live in a more and more human created environment causing carbon dioxide levels to increase because of the burnign of dodo fuels. The problem that we are faced with now is that every living system in our biosphere is delcining and we are a part of nature that can not give in to lose these valuable resources.As the temperature increases all over the world, we are putting ourselves and our fellow species at risk of extinction. This begins to affect our storm systems, because the armer the oceans get the stronger the storms get. These consequences are all due to the basic understanding our earths atmosphere, and the most important agents, the green house gases. Due to huge quantities of human caused carbon dioxde, we are deepening(a) th is this atmopheric layer, causing the gases to trap the suns radiation inside and causing the planet to heat up. (Gore, 2006). Just a suttle increase of a few degress can have a dangerous effect on our plantes ecological system. Areas around the world are experiencing undesirable amounts of rain in short periods of time, while others are facing immeasurable droughts. This shift in temperature not only causes glaciers to melt and oceans to rise, but it also disrupts migration patters, how or where certain plants grow, and the species that depend on those climates. Our ever ripening demand on resources is putting an immense burden on biodiversity.The continued provsion of ecosytem resources, our furture security, our health and well being are all in Jeapordy due to the authoritative rate of consupmtion of non-renewable resources. According to the living planet report, as of 2012 the Earth would need 1. 5 years to produce and replenish the natural resources hat we have consumed in on ly a single year (WWF Global, 2012). And this number has only increased since the last report. The technology and the consumption of resources in the Unites States alone contributes to 30. 3 percent to global wamring.That is more that South America, Canada, Africa, the Middle East, Australia , Japan, and Aoutheast Asia combined (Gore, 2006). It is no doubt that the U. S. is the biggest contributor to not only globalization, but also to the poor environmental quality of this planet. We have rightfully earned our name as the biggest polluter in the world, but it may not be too late. The first step in reducing our global footprint is by accepting and understanding the consequences our actions have on our planets environment and that there are ways we can grow some of the negative impacts we have had on our planet.We can no longer turn a blind eye to the effects we cause on our ecostyems. A1 gore proposes many solutions to how we as individuals can help this climate crisis. Considering that this problem is a vast and complicated, we can each do our part to help reduce our carbon footprint and together we can make a difference. Sacing energy at home by using energy efficient light bulbs, turning off ights when we do not need them, and heating and cooling our house efficiently are just a few ways we can help out individually.In the communtiy, not driving so much, taking public transportation, reducing emissiones from our cars, and being conscious of our daily consumptions are all ways we can reduce pollution in our air. And most importantly consuming less, reusing water bottles, bags, buying things that last, buying local, and modifying your diet are all important changes that we can make to hold our health for ourselves and for future generations. Globalization and our nvironmental impact are very important factors that we must always consider if we plan on existing in this environment with other species.We are fortunate to live on a planet that can sustain life and allow it to thrive, but if we are not careful, we will use up any and all resources that Earth provides. Our consumption and the effects it has on the environment is detrimental to our survival and the survival of our ecosystems. These global changes make understanding our world both challenging and a necessary task if our future depends understanding these concepts in all their arious forms.

How Did John F. Kennedy Act Through the Cuban Missile Crisis

The Cuban missile crisis of 1962 brought the initiation to the brink of nu unmortgaged warfare. What was at stake in the crisis, and how do you assess chairperson Kennedys receipt to Khrushchevs provocation? Was Kennedy prudent or rash, suitably tough or needlessly belligerent? By Jeremy Leung 299722 USA & The World 131-236 The Cuban missile Crisis was maybe the closest that hu macrocosm had ever become to experiencing a thermonuclear war. In October 1962, the gentlemans gentleman watched perilously, as U. S. president John F. Kennedy warned his people of the amalgamation of Soviet blazonry in Cuba. John F.Kennedy refused to accept offensive Soviet artillery in such close proximity to the U. S. , but Soviet chairman Nikita Khrushchev had already intend a stealthily build-up. Kennedy henceforth demanded Khrushchev to disassemble offensive artillery and employed a strict naval quarantine, an swear out that Khrushchev initi eachy refused and deemed illegal. For several days, as two of the worlds super agencys refused to meet an agreement, the world faced the daunting and horrifying prospect of a nuclear war. Eventually, Khrushchev had accepted a peaceful resolution, as he withdrew Soviet offensive arms in return for a promise that the U.S. would not invade Cuba. With the Soviet exodus from Cuba, prexy Kennedys popularity had risen sharply as journalists labelled him the architect of a great diplomatic victory. 1 Kennedys ability to remain calm under the contract of a potential nuclear war had won praise from his colleagues and the American humankind, who rewarded him with re-election. In a diametrically opposed view, conservatives assert his actions were not decisive comely in securing Americas national security. This essay will seek to analyse both the praise and the criticism in evaluating John F.Kennedys actions done the peaceful resolution of the Cuban projectile Crisis. For many Americans, the Cuban Missile Crisis, and in particular the build-up of Soviet arms within Cuba represented a clipping in which their national security and safety was at stake. This build-up of Soviet missiles in Cuba was deemed by the media as an action aimed to inflicting an almost mortal wound on us2. This impending threat was dealt with such severity that a committee was formed that comprised of U. S. government officials who were to advise President John F.Kennedy on important matters. As a senior member of the committee, which was known as the Executive Committee of the National Security Council (ExComm), Treasury Secretary Douglas Dillion remarked The crisis was unique in the sense that it was the start metre that there was a real, imminent, potential threat to the physical safety and well being of American citizens. 3 This observation from Dillon portrays the fear that much of the American public felt, who taught and watchful their children through schools to duck and cover in the event of a nuclear war. 4 Yet, it appeared at the time th at the build-up of arms within Cuba was not only a foeman to the U. S. , but a direct threat to national security that was felt and feared by both the public and leading politicians. To substantiate this, Defence Secretary Robert McNamara recalled on the 27th October, As I left the white house and walked through my garden to my car to return to the pentagon on the beautiful fall evening, I feared I might never live to see an otherwise Saturday night. 5 In addition to this, Robert Kennedy wrote afterwards that the world was brought to the abyss of nuclear destruction and the end of mankind. 6 Both these accounts demonstrate the extreme severity in which Congress perceived the Soviet threat. On the 26th of September, U. S. Congress voted strongly in favour to hold in Cuba the creation or use of an externally back up military capability endangering the security of the United States with a 386-7 absolute majority in the House of Representatives, and an 86-1 majority in the Senate. 7 This represents an overwhelming view in both houses of the U. S. Congress that action needed to be taken upon the build-up of nuclear arms in Cuba. The reasons why McNamara and Kennedy and other U. S. politicians were so fearful of a nuclear was because according to U. S. analysts at the time, the 24 MRBMs (Medium range-ballistic missiles) and sixteen IRBMs (intermediate-range ballistic missiles) that were found in Cuba had significantly change magnitude the number of U. S. targets that the Soviets could lethally attack by forty part. 8 Furthermore, having missiles within Cuba allowed the Soviets to bypass the U. S. warning radars, especially the Ballistics Missile Early Warning system, which was stationed in the North Pole. 9 By bypassing the U. S. warning radars, it definitely amplified the risk of a surprise strike upon certain American air bases and important command posts. 10 To address this risk, the U. S. ground forces went from Defence Condition Five (peacetime alert) t o Defcon 3 (war alert) which go on illustrated the high levels of precautions the U.S. government were taking in order to protect itself from an offensive attack from the Soviet. 11 It was quite clear from these precautions that the impending nuclear threat in Cuba threatened the lives of American civilians, troops, and government officials. In the event that the situation escalated out of discipline, the two world superpowers could spend a penny busy in a third World War that, with nuclear engineering science had the potential to kill hundreds of millions of civilians and soldiers. 12 Fortunately, the Cuban Mission Crisis never escalated this far, as Kennedy maintained control of the situation and eventually caused the Soviets to retreat. Kennedys actions in peace in effect(p)y resolving the Cuban Missile Crisis demonstrated responsibility and sense of purpose, which overall had confirmed public confidence in the President. In the first ExComm meeting, evidence was presented o f medium-range missiles in Cuba that had the potential to hit Washington, Dallas, St. Louis, and all Strategic Air Command bases in between. 13 Soon after, further evidence was presented to ExComm of the development of 1,000-mile medium-range ballistic missiles and 2,200 mile intermediate-range ballistic missiles. It was overly predicted by the experts presenting this evidence that forty nuclear warheads had the capacity to hit targets as far as Wyoming and Montana. 14 Robert Kennedy had predicted that these arms had the power and potential to kill as many as eighty million Americans. 15 President John F. Kennedy was faced with two important options to follow up a naval embarrass, or to invade Cuba beginning with an air-strike. 16 Kennedy decided upon enforcing a naval quarantine in Cuba, which was later labelled by Khrushchev as unlimited banditry and an action that would push mankind to the abyss of a world missile nuclear war. 17 The quarantine was a first step that involved confiscating all offensive military equipment that was being shipped to Cuba. If, in the event Khrushchev refused to remove Soviet missiles, John F. Kennedy promised further action would be taken. 18 As the leaders of the two superpowers stood orb to eyeball, and the world braced itself for a possibility for a thermonuclear war, Khrushchev had agreed to ithdrawal weapons that Kennedy had deemed offensive, while Kennedy pledged not to invade Cuba. 19 The U. S. response, in the form of a blockade was a wise choice as it applied the greatest level of force upon the Soviet Union while minimizing the risk of a thermonuclear war. Traditionalists, supported to this choice. Traditionalists refer to the individuals who advocated the traditional interpretation, and were coincidentally the individuals who wrote the most content during Cuban Missile Crisis. 20 Sorensen, a traditionalist, who was overly an advisor to Kennedy, believed that Kennedy responded superbly to the crisis, as he conduc ted himself in a responsible and composed matter throughout his confrontation with Khrushchev. 21 Sorensen believed that this was perhaps the Presidents finest hour, as he never lost sight of what either war or surrender would do to the whole human race And he was determined to take all necessary action and no unnecessary action. 22 Sorensen also noted the fact that Kennedy had not just national interests in mind but, civilians in other countries.Sorensen named this the Kennedy Legacy which he defined as a pervasive sense of responsibility for the future of our children for those who live in the country and those who live in other lands. 23 It appeared that through Sorensens recount of the events leading up to the peaceful resolution of the Cuban Missile crisis show admiration for Kennedys actions, as he believed Kennedy remained in control of events, despite being constantly enkindle by Khrushchev. Sorensen also highlighted the Presidents poise in the confrontation, as he refused the temptation of making a reckless decision to attack Cuba and thus start a nuclear war.Like Sorensen, Robert Kennedy described every American, in the aftermath of the Cuban Missile Crisis, as feeling a sense of pride in the strength, purposefulness and the courage of the President of the United States. 24 Furthermore, McGeorge Bundy, another traditionalist member of Excomm, praised President Kennedy for his personal management of the nuclear confrontation. 25 Similarly to Bobby Kennedy and Sorensen, Bundy acknowledged, and commended the Presidents strength, restraint and repute for the opinions of mankind. 26 It is quite clear through these personal recounts of Bundy, Sorensen, and Kennedy, that there was a consistent view across Excomm and the traditionalists that President John F. Kennedy demonstrated decisiveness, intelligence, and compassion while quest to mitigate the risk of war by causing Khrushchev to compromise. These traits were also seen by the American public with pu blic opinion approval ratings increasing to eighty percent after the crisis, as journalists compared him to past heroes such as Wilson and Roosevelt. 27 Overall, President Kennedys actions within the Cuban Missile Crisis not only led to great evaluate by his colleagues and the public, but more importantly reduced Cold War tensions between Russia and the U. S. A. This was evident in the aftermath of the Cold War that saw an inductance of a phone link that allowed direct communication between Russian and American leaders, along with the signing of a nuclear test ban treaty which endorsed a harmonious coexistence between the two superpowers. 28Within the waves of praise towards the United States President for his transactions with the Soviets, there were also few individuals who voiced their concerns over certain decisions Kennedy made. Following questionable decisions by Kennedy that led to the Bay of Pigs fiasco, the U. S. policy within Cuba only consisted of diplomatic and econom ic means, and only until later were trade restrictions forced. Thus, for a consummation of two years leading up to the Cuban Missile Crisis, John F. Kennedy allowed the Soviets amalgamate a significant amount of arms provided they were defensive. exploitation this word defensive, the American President was justifying and legitimizing the build-up of arms in the backyard of the U. S, as it allowed Cuba to asseverate itself as the hemispheres third largest military authority. 29 By Kennedys failure to initiate an intrusion upon Cubas burgeoning military at an early, yet critical point, it communicated to the Soviets that there was possibility for them to upset the balance of power within any country, as long as they were granted authorization by local governments.By not invading Cuba, the Soviets and Cubans proceeded to integrate armed forces that had the potential to cause serious damage upon Western civilization, power and influence. In addition to failing to stop the military bu ild-up in Cuba, there was also controversy in Kennedys decision to implement a naval quarantine in Cuba. Kennedys choice to quarantine, rather than imposing a full air-strike upon Cuba had its weakness. At this critical point within the Cuban Missile Crisis, this provided the U. S. n opportunity to impose a severe defeat upon its enemy. The moment of crisis, the threat of communism, along with the risk of perhaps disruptive world peace all suggested that Kennedy could call for caused a decisive answer to the problems escalating in Cuba. Kennedys government, instead of quarantining Cuba from naval imports, could have forcibly demanded the departure of Russians, along with their weapons within Cuba altogether. 30 This would have not only eliminated Russian threat within close proximity to the U.S, but could have also provided the Cuban people with a democratic republic that consisted of free elections under UN supervision. 31 Kennedy instead, elective for a naval blockade, which cou ld have potentially left open a possibility for the Soviets to import arms via the air. In addition to this, the blockade failed to give the U. S. any assurance or certainty that the Soviets would retreat from Cuba. If, however, Kennedy elected for an invasion and demanded Khrushchev to leave, it would have eliminated all doubt of a Soviet retreat and ensured the protection of Americas national security.Overall, throughout the Cuban Missile Crisis, the world sat perilously as the two superpowers engaged in a confrontational battle that had the potential to escalate into a possible third world war with overwhelmingly destructive consequences. In two world wars, millions of people were slaughtered in battles that continued over years however it was possible, with the advent of nuclear technology that hundreds of millions of civilians and soldiers could die within hours. 32 Khrushchev continued to use Soviet resources to accumulate a large missile base within Cuba in Americas backyard, which called for President John F. Kennedy to act and protect the national security of the U. S. In deciding on implementing a naval quarantine around Cuba, Kennedy avoided an airstrike and possible invasion, by braggy his opponent time to reassess his actions. Through constant pressure from Khrushchev, Kennedy stood decisive and resolute, as he resisted the temptation of gambling with the safety of the world and continued to supervise the sea and intercept suspicious naval activity around Cuba.Kennedy proceeded and continued to implement the blockade, which was clearly an attempt to avoid any direct military means, by providing Khrushchev with a threat of danger, yet also allowing him with the option to retreat. Although this was seen as weak from conservatives, it is important that Kennedy always continued to pressure his Soviet counterpart whenever he sensed hesitation or deception. 33 Kennedy never wielded from his objective, as he forced a peaceful resolution that left his colleagues in awe of his poise and determination dealing with such a crisis.Thus, by Kennedy reacting in a suitably tough fashion, Khruschev provided the U. S. President with the ultimate accolade that if he had been in the White House, instead of the Kremlin, he would have acted like Kennedy. 34 Words 2562 Bibliography Primary Resources Blight, James & Welch, David. Cuba on the Brink Castro, the Missile Crisis and the Soviet Collapse. juvenile York Pantheon Books, 1993. Bundy, McGeorge. Danger and Survival Choices near the bomb in the first fifty years. New York Random House, 1988 Bundy, McGeorge. The Presidency and the Peace, Foreign Affairs 42 (1964).Kennedy, Robert. Thirteen Days A Memoir of the Cuban Missile Crisis. New York W. W. Norton, 1969 Lowenthal, David. U. S. Cuban Policy Illusion and Reality, National Review (1963) McNamara, Robert. Blundering into Disaster Surviving the First Century of the Nuclear Age. capital of the United Kingdom Bloomsbury 1987 Munton, Don & Wel ch, David. A. The Cuban Missile Crisis. New York Oxford University shrink, 1988. Sorensen, Theodore. Kennedy. New York MacMillan, 1969. Sorensen, Theodore. The Kennedy Legacy. New York Harper and Row, 1965 Secondary Resources Divine, Robert A.The Cuban Missile Crisis. Chicago Quadrangle Books, 1971. Garthoff, Raymond. The Meaning of the Missiles. Washington Quarterly 5 (1982), 78 Horelick, Arnold. The Cuban Missile Crisis An analysis of Soviet calculations and behaviour. World Politics (1964) Medland, William. The Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962 Needless or Necessary. New York Praeger Publishers,, 1988. Scott, Len. The Cuban Missile Crisis and the Threat of Nuclear War. London Continuum Books, 2007. 1Robert Divine, The Cuban Missile Crisis, (Toronto Burns and MacEachern1971), 4. 2 David Lowenthal, US Cuban Policy Illusion and Reality, National Review, 29 January 1963, 63, quoted in Arnold L. Horelick, The Cuban Missile Crisis An Analysis of Soviet Calculations and Behaviour, World Po litics 16/3 (April 1963), 64 3 James Blight & David Welch, Cuba on the Brink Castro, the Missile Crisis and the Soviet Collapse (New York Pantheon Books, 1993), 163 4 Len Scott, The Cuban Missile Crisis and the Threat of Nuclear War (London Continuum Books, 2007), 48. 5 Robert McNamara, Blundering into Diaster Surviving the First Century of the Nuclear Age (London Bloomsbury, 1987), 11. 6 Robert Kennedy, Thirteen Days, The Cuban Missile Crisis (London Pan Books, 1969), 27. 7 McGeorge Bundy, Danger and Survival Choices about the Bomb in the first fifty years (New York Random House, 1988), 391. 8 Raymond Garthoff, Memo on the Military Significance of the Soviet Missiles Bases in Cuba, October 27, 1962. Department of State declassifified document, reprinted in Garthoff, The Meaning of the Missiles, Washington Quarterly 5, no. 4 (Autumn 1982), 78 9 Scott, The Cuban Missile Crisis, 48. 10 Ibid, 48 11 Divine, The Cuban Missile Crisis, 61. 12 Don Munton and David A. Welch, The Cuban Missil e Crisis (Oxford University Press New York, 2007), 1. 13 William J. Medland The Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962 Needless or Necessary (Praeger Publishers New York, 1988), 4. 14 Ibid, 5. 15 Divine, The Cuban Missile Crisis, 28. 16 Ibid, 28 17 Medland, Needless or Necessary, 38. 18 Divine, The Cuban Missile Crisis, 61 19 Munton and Welch The Cuban Missile Crisis, 1. 20 Divine, The Cuban Missile Crisis, 35 21 Theodore C. Sorensen, Kennedy (New York Harper and Row, 1965 paperback ed. New York Bantam Books, 1966, 795. 22 Ibid, 795. 23 Theodore C. Sorensen, The Kennedy Legacy (New York Macmillan, 1969), 274. 24 Kennedy, Thirteen days, 67. 25 McGeorge, Bundy, The Presidency and the Peace, Foreign Affairs 42 (April 1964) 353-365 26 Ibid. , 359 27 Divine, The Cuban Missile Crisis, 58. 28 Medland, Needless or Necessary, 56. 29 Lowenthal, US Cuban Policy, 61. 30 Divine, The Cuban Missile Crisis, 91. 31 Ibid, 93. 32 Munton and Welch The Cuban Missile Crisis, 1. 33 Divine, The Cuban Missile Crisis, 101. 34 Ibid, 104

“Mean Girls” and its sociological structure Essay

Sociology is everyw present we look, it is everything we are, and can be signalise with everything we do. Mean girls is a very popular movie in instantlys society. It seems as though community of all(prenominal) g finisher, sex, age, race, ethnicity, and class has seen this movie and can relate to some aspect of it. Mean girls portrays the pugnacious life of high school and the many cliques it has in place. It shows the many challenges students and teachers go through to get to the end of the year. In this movie I have seen many sociological themes. Many people in todays society go through challenging things in our lives and high school is a adolescents worse one. From discrimination to power, property, and prestige this movies depicts it all.As portrayed in (fundament toofsoc) the popular girls excessively cognize as the plastics control the school in which they accompany. They control it by have good looks, money, Popularity, and power. They receive all the material items pr ecious beca routine their parents can afford it with the exception of Cady. Originally there are three plastics Regina George which is the loss leader of the group. Gretchen Wieners, and Karen Smith. Cady, a transfer student from Africa get the special and rare request to join their clique. There is a sub- click that Cady is a part of and that includes Janis Ian and Damian. Everyone in the school wants to be Regina George, so they copy everything she does. After Cady and Regina go for the same guy Cady wants to ruin the plastics because she and Janis which was out casted by Regina feel like the school would be mend saturnine without the hierarchy and well-disposed control that Regina creates.The movie starts off with a stereotype. Stereotype defined as a widely held only if fixed and over simplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing. Cady sits down at the Plastics table after being peer- pressured into joining them during lunch and she gets questioned becau se the popular girls know everybody in the school and they had not seen her before. This is an example of social interaction. Cady mentions that she just transferred here from Africa. Gretchen Wieners goes about saying If youre from Africa then why you are white. This shows thestereotype of Americans believing that all people that live in Africa are African American. This also happens with new(prenominal) cultures as well. They lay out a map of the cafeteria and who sits where and we see then that people are characterized in specific cliques such as JV jocks, Asian nerds, and black hot ties and many other cliques people are set to be in. We also see that Cadys culture is different from the common high school teenager. Cady does not partake in common teenage girl practices, she does not wear makeup, or dress provocative.Regina, Gretchen, and Karen have rich parents. They use their wealth as power against everyone they know. Since they have everything there is a lot of jealousy in th e air, also Gretchen uses her wealth against the principle. When she is called into the office because of a burn book incident she says I dont rally my father, the inventor of toaster strudel, would be too happy to hear about this. She believes that her parents wealth will get her out of trouble which it does not. Regina she uses her property as her power. She as the biggest house, the biggest room and the nicest car. Showing off her property gives her power. When Cady and Janis try to ruin the plastics shows the revolt against the governing body is seen a lot in other cultures. In a natural society there are always people that oppose the governing and try to Bring it down.In the middle of the movie Cady has a role conflict. She was supposed to go to Maddison with her parents, but her friends wanted her to do other stuff that night as well. She had to choose the role in which she wanted to partake in. She choose the role of a teenager. She threw a party. In the end Cady and Regina are both scorned by the school and the plastics is no longer a governing body. The Plastics join other school clicks and everyone seems to be at peace until a new extension of plastics appear. It made a point that although one reassign occurred. That does not mean future generations will change. A change cannot occur over a generation unless there are people to pass the friendship down the line. Which is why we store cultural knowledge in books, films and media sources. Mean girls shows many sociological themes through the entire movie which all involved social interaction and the biggest idea of the movie social class.Works citedFundamentalsofsoc.edublogs.org//media-representation-of-mean-girls/ Dictionary.reference.com/browse/definition

North Korea at the Winter Olympics

North Koreas ruler repeatedly exhibits repulsive violations of piece rights. Just thinking that we participated in the 2018 winter Olympics with this country gives me the hebegeebes. Kim Jong Un, the ruler of this ruthless, repulsive, regime, shows little to know recognition of world rights. I believe we have sullied the name of the United States by allowing North Koreas Participation.The Olympics are the international festivity of human excellence, Kims North Korea falls far from the definition of excellence. Excellence is the quality of being outstanding or extremely good.Kim is power hungry and will stop at nothing to make sure he stays in power, or example he felt that his 67-year-old uncle was a threat to his power, so he had him stripped down to his bear skin and thrown in a cage of 120 dogs that had been starved for five days.Kim is mentally INSANENorth Korea is a dictatorship, Kim decides everything, and nobody can go against his wishes without punishment. North Korea is cognize to many as todays worst persecutor of Christians. For example, any unity caught with any contact with a missionary can be killed or tortured.In north Korea Kim has established political prison camps where men women and children can be found, it does not matter whether the person is young or old. To ensure his regimes success Kim has made sure that no one can give way. He underpays workers and raises the price of airline tickets for a time it would cost one person $8,000 to leave North Korea.Kim, his father, and his grandfather were all self-proclaimed gods. North Koreas calendar starts at the digest of Kims grandfather instead of the birth of Christ. In North Korea in any way you turn it is not hard to find a statue of a previous ruler of a picture plastered across a wall.There is so far a special place where you can visit the corpses of Kims father and grandfather, because the mentally deranged Kim has them embalmed is glass cases. if this is not mentally ill then I don t know what is. We participated in the winter Olympics with these crazy people Kim has also threatened to nuke us on multiple occasions.I conclude that if it were my decision I would not have let them participate in the winter Olympics.

Company Profile Essay

IntroductionBAYO is example of a specialty store that now competing to some other leading specialty store. We aim to meet the sideline objectives upon conducting this field of view To Identify the retail format of BAYO and its competitors, To study and understand the companys retail format, To identify the advantages and disadvantages of BAYO with its competitors, To identify the strength and the weaknesses of BAYO and aTo help improve the assistance resultd by BAYO to its customers.Brief history of the company BAYO started come to the fore as a made-to-measure dress shop in Makati. The need to expand grew bigger when BAYO launched its ready-to-wear line. In 1992, the growing drive triggered the establishment of Lyncor, Inc., then a manufacturing firm, to support BAYO. BAYO, an ilonggo term which means, dress in face was chosen by the owners of the company since they are from Bacolod. BAYO reflects a clean, material bodyic image. BAYO caters to women who embody the laid-back , day-by-day lifestyle who puzzle preference for voguish yet classic apparel.BAYO is a testament of what the Philippine green goddess do in todays competitive environment. BAYO is proud of what it has achieved as a Filipino retailer and it expresses its full assumption in being Filipino. This is what set the shop apart, its idol worship to staying true to its roots as a Filipino brand. It has no pretensions on what the brand image is all about and rather keeps in tune with the brands origin, which is excuse Filipino. BAYO revolves around who the Filipina truly is in all her different facets and how she evolves with time but still maintaining her distinct cultural attributes.Company profile great deal behind the company Lyn Agustin and Corcor Bitong, the owner of BAYO. What the company does BAYO, a ready-to-wear clothing company that now has a total of 53 branches 18 franchised and 40 company-owned within Metro Manila and Bacolod metropolis.When the company started Agusti n and Bitong started their business in 1992 and started franchising in 2001.How the company grew Agustin and Bitong started out a simple made-to-measure dress shop in Makati City. But when their demand and clientele grew, the sisters, together with their husbands, established Lyncor Inc., a manufacturing firm and began market their womens clothing designs in earnest.BAYO doctrineBAYO has always taken pride in our continuous effort to intrust up the Filipino people with the following Quality Merchandise. Quality Service. Reason equal to(p) Prices. Comfortable and world class shopping experience. Fair laborBAYO started out as a made-to-measure dress shop in Makati. The need to expand grew bigger when BAYO launched its ready-to-wear line. In 1992, the growing demand triggered the establishment of Lyncor, Inc., then a manufacturing firm, to support BAYO.BAYO, an ilonggo term which means, dress in English was chosen by the owners of the company since they are from Bacolod. BAYO reflect s a clean, classic image. BAYO caters to women who embody the laid-back, casual lifestyle who drive home preference for stylish yet classic apparel.BAYO is a testament of what the Filipino can do in todays competitive environment. BAYO is proud of what it has achieved as a Filipino retailer and it expresses its full pride in being Filipino. This is what set the brand apart, its devotion to staying true to its roots as a Filipino brand. It has no pretensions on what the brand image is all about and rather keeps in tune with the brands origin, which is still Filipino. BAYO revolves around who the Filipina truly is in all her different facets and how she evolves with time but still maintaining her distinct cultural attributes.BAYOs strength lies in its ability and skill to create classic and stylish apparel and keeping in tune with what its market demands. Its think is centralizeed on its crossings, making them of life-threatening quality at very affordable prices.BAYO offers clas sic pieces of ready-to-wear apparel from blouses, tees, pants, jeans, skirts, accessories such as footwear, bags, jewelry and other switch, which can be easily be mixed and matched. BAYO aims to create a lifestyle for women by providing them with diverse range of products.BAYOs corporate structure has a very casual environment as well as a friendly atmosphere between management and employees. People treat from each one other resembling family, which makes it on the loose(p) to communicate and deal with each other. This contributes greatly to the success of BAYO because it paves the way for a better working environment, which in turn promotes teamwork. BAYOs national commitment is to be able to provide employment and to be able to raise the local industry to higher levels. Its goal is to be able to penetrate the global market and promote it as a Filipino brand.Statement of the problem1. What is their merchandise?BAYO is focused on providing wide variety of merchandise assortment and other accessories. They did not only focus on clothing but also offer complementary accessories to have overall makeover.2. What is their Store physical body?BAYO arranged and designed their products according to color. This is one way to attract customers attention. The stores wall is made of glass so that customers can see the products through the glass. They also have chairs for customers to simulate on while waiting. They also have a separate rack for accessories and every week they have a new set of design of their product.3. What is their Market Segment?GeographicCity and Municipality Makati City and Taguig CityPopulation Density Urban and SuburbanDemographic segmentationAge 17-22 and 23 up sexual practice femaleFamily life cycle Single, young, married, in a relationship, married with children, separated and others. Occupation Young urban professionals, students, housewife, white collar jobs.Psychographic dividerFemales usually go to mall to seek for a need or to windo w shop realizing that females are innately sophisticated. Because of this reason probably they are the possible purport audience. As clothing stores the focuses on womens apparel, we are targeting females that are willing to submit or adopt the in style(p) fashion. Instead of targeting females in the upper class, we focused on the market segment in the middle class realizing that upper class would prefer to visit stores having more expensive products.Behavioral SegmentationFemales generally provide sufficient time in visiting malls to look for products that will make them feel more beautiful. They give more effort in choosing, scrutinizing and deciding on which product they want to purchase from the factors of price, design, fashion and quality. Usually, females debase a product to have self-esteem and be in. Primarily, females who seek for job, already workers and students probably have the role to go to BAYO store as well as using it for applying for a job and hang-outs.Need S egmentation Females that are looking for classical but casual wear Accessories that will complement in the casual wear that will fully satisfy the taste, preference, occasion, professions and social activities for the customers Apparel with good and high quality materials that can be used in applying in profession and occasionally purpose.4. Why did they situate on that office?BAYOs location in MARKET-MARKET TAGUIG is advantageous because its located near at activity center which you can find a customer, and their location of the store is easy to be seen because it is near at entree and it is good for competition. BAYO location in Market-Market has a 96.50 square meter and they are one of the branches of BAYO.5. What is their marketing lift and their market positioning? sss Based on observation, BAYO intensified their advertisement by having lots of billboards. Also, BAYO strategically use well-known artists to promote their products so that it will be attractive and convincing . These appeal made the products easy to remember. They also have a company sale which is held every whole month of July and the other gross revenue promotion of their store is depending on the mall sale. BAYO Company have a color campaign, those are sensationalistic for Happiness, Pink for Sweetness, Orange for Creativity and Purple for Sophistication.6. Who are their competitors?Their competitors are penshoppe, folded and hung, forever 21, kamiseta, tribal.7. Who are their target markets?Their target markets are the teenagers or middle ages.8. What is their customer divine service?BAYO is giving a high customer service by means of providing free iron and fold for purchased apparels. There is also a salesperson assisting the customers in the dressing area.9. How do you handle your customers complaints?BAYO should know first their complaint about their product and give them possible solution to satisfy their customers.10. Do you have your regular customers?BAYO have their regular c ustomers like teens and middle ages.

Mice and men Explore the themes of loneliness in ‘Of mice and men’ Essay

The story of mice and men had lots of lonely batch with no family and no friends thats the reason why Lennie and George are different is because they have got psyche who cares for them. Most of the characters in the novel feel scared of showing their true emotions. For example, when keisterdys weenie was about to get shot candy didnt tell the some other workers that he needed the cover and that is was a friend to him. I dont think any of the characters want to show weakness.The statute title of the novel is of mice and men was written in the 1300s. At the time of the novel there were opusy workers who traveled form cattle ranch to ranch looking for jobs. The most isolated group at the time were Negroes be cause they were considered inferior and no one wanted to be with them. There were no laws against racism and it was tolerated only over the country.Crooks is the stable buck and he is a Negro so he is also the loneliest man on the ranch. His race and colour made him isol ated from all the other members of the group. A lot of people bully crooks Curleys wife says,Well, you keep your place, then, nigger. I could get you strung up to a maneuver so easy it isnt true.Crooks is a proud man and also the most educated as well he reads lots of book of accounts but the most important book is the 1905 California civil code. This book says that Crooks is no slave and can do what he wishes with his life but nobody takes this into consideration because he is still treated as a slave, which they can push around. Once on Christmas day the workers obligate crooks to fight even though he had a bad back. All the other workers think they can make Crooks do what they want. He is isolated from the others he doesnt go to talk to them and they dont come to talk to him. There is only one person that come s into Crooks hut and that is Slim. Crooks is very proud because he knows that he is free and he keeps himself aloof from all the other workers. He doesnt talk to any of the other workers, he says,Books aint no good. A guy needs somebody-to be near him. A guy goes nuts if he aint got nobody. This is from a conversion which he has with Lennie. Crooks spent the most time working on the ranch and the only person he tells his true feelings to is to Lennie. Because Crooks knows that Lennie would probably forget. Near the end of chapter four crooks starts to get on with Candy. Crooks even offers to work on the ranch which George ,Candy and Lennie are going to go to but after Curleys wife threatens Crooks and then he says , well, just forget it . I didnt mean it. Just daily. This shows the reader that crooks knows that he will never be treated differently.

Ne?tled Case Study

draw close Case field Nestled in the high country of New Zea vote outs South Island is a raise upa federal agency adventure playground aimed unashamedly at the worlds very wealthy. Celebrity sports populate, Rock stars, World Leaders and incorporated Chief Executives and other world globe-trotters are the prime targets of this tonic go gameism business developed by Lilybank tolerate. The lodge offers these exclusive niche segments the opportunity of a secluded holiday in a midget known paradise. Guests, commonly under public scrutiny in their everyday lives, rear escape such pressures at an idyllic take away designed exclusively and specific tout ensembley with their needs in mind.A ascertain meeting in the midst of a New Zealand Department of Conservation investigator and the son of the former Ind anesian president marked the beginning of this speciality tourist operation. Recognising that filthy rich muckle and public figures or celebrities are constantly surrounde d by security and seldom take in the luxury of going any mark incognito, the New Zealander Kerry Mortimer suggested he and a friend purchase a high country post and lodge that was for sale.Mortimer believed that the facilities and their secluded and peaceful environment would make an ideal holiday haven for this elite group. Kerry Mortimer, who was by now the companys Managing Director, developed a carefully tailored package of goods and aids for the property. architecturally designed accommodations, including a fully equipped Gymnasium and Spa Treatment & Beauty Salon, together with bosomy guest rooms were constructed and deigned by the countrys leading designers.Although New Zealand had an international reputation for organism sparsely populated and green, Mortimer knew that rich travellers frequently complained that local accommodations were below overseas standards. Since the expense of these rooms was non felt to be a major classifyrier to this type of targeted customer, the rooms were designed as doubly as big as normal hotel rooms and to a very sumptuous specification, all with breathtaking panoramic views. Ten full-time dedicated staff were taken together with four special tour guides in keeping with the anticipated class and wealth of the potential clientele(Pickton, 2005).The 2800 acres of the retreat as well approve onto the South Islands Mount Cook National Park which also offered big game taciturnity hunting as soundly as galore(postnominal) other outdoor pursuits. Lilybank lodge therefore developed other harvest-line extensions. Horse trekking and riding, golfing on a nearby rural course, world class photographic lessons and sessions, helicopter rides nature walks and other activities formed part of this exclusive package. Whilst still in the early stages of operation, this retreat has already attracted a steady stream of visitors.To date the manager has relied solely on positive word of honor of mouth, publi city and some initial PR activity. Given the social and business circles in which the target commercialise resides he decides to employ a securities industrying consultant to design and implement a much aforethought(ip) tradeing communications strategy. The report should also consider the implication already voiced by wizard critical observer that this project is again evidence of yet another exemplar of local land passing into the hands of foreignersThe MD and manager are convinced that the major markets and attention should be on International markets but is there a case for marketing some of the attraction to a more local and national market? Introduction Marketing communications apprize be be as communications by means of procession within a target audience or market. To legislate with consumers in order to persuade them to buy the companys products is by no means the only objective. To view it as being only sales-orientated is to underestimate the complexity of innovative marketing commu nications. It is necessary to target customers in an unified fashion to inform, persuade and remind wish wellly and existing consumers and customers of the firm, its products and services and how these are differentiated to appeal to and play targeted needs, wants and desires of target markets. (Kotler, 2002) Marketing communications does not entail the continuous application of tried and tested techniques, kinda it is constantly moving and dynamic, not barely in terms of messages, but also medias, monies expended and changing consumer mindsets.An example of this, product placement, which involves the deliberate featuring of a product or brand in a film or television programme, was in its infancy even five years ago. Today, however, it represents a useful if still peripheral element of the communications programme for many consumer goods organisations. Promotion is the communication arm of the marketing mix. Our hotel use versatile anterioringal approaches to communicat e with target markets (the guests) and the following text will look at the general dimensions of promotion, specify promotion in the context of marketing.Next, to understand how promotion works, the text analyses the meaning and process of communication, as well as the product (our services) adoption process. The remaining of the text discusses the major types of promotional methods and the factors that influence promotion crossways cultures. The Promotional Mix The promotion mix, one of the four major components of the marketing mix, involves a careful mingle of several elements to accomplish the organisations specific promotion objectives. The four tralatitious elements are advertizing, personal selling, sales promotion and public dealing.Advertising The first element I will discuss is advertising, which can be defined as any paid form of non-personal promotion transmitted through a mass-medium. (Brassington & Petit, 2000, P. 593) The purpose of an advertising plan is to pa ss on the means by which set aside messages are devised and delivered to target audiences who then act in appropriate ways. (Fill, 2002, P. 486) Any paid form of no personal communication through the mass media almost a product or service by an identified sponsor is advertising.The mass media used let in magazines, direct mail, radio, television, billboards, and news constitutions. This is used when the sponsor wants to communicate with a number of people who cannot be reached economically and effectively through personal means. Personal Selling Personal, face-to-face contact between a staffs representative and those people with whom the staff wants to communicate is personal selling. Non- kale organisations, political candidates, companies, and individuals use personal selling to communicate with the publics. unexclusive dealingsA further element of the promotional mix is public relations, which is defined by the Institute of everyday Relations (1986) as the deliberate, plan ned and sustained effort to establish and maintain mutual understanding between an organisation and its public. Communication to correct erroneous impressions, maintain the goodwill of the hotels many publics, and explain the hotels goals and purposes is called public relations (PR). Unlike the other promotional mix elements, public relations are c one timerned primarily with people outside the target market, although it may include them.Publicity is news carried in the mass media about a hotel its products, policies, services, personnel, or actions at no charge to the organisation for media time and s whole step. Unlike the other tools in the promotional mix, public relations does not require the purchase of airtime and space in media vehicles, such as T. V or magazines. And compared to the other promotional tools, public relations have higher credibility because the decision whether or not a hotels public relations messages are delivered is not down to the hotel, but those char ged with managing the media resource.another(prenominal) big advantage PR has over other tools is that it has such low absolute costs(Kitchen, 2000). Within the communications programme of a hotel, public relations have two major roles to play. These are the development and criminal maintenance of corporate goodwill and the continuity necessary for good product support. The first task of PR is to provide a series of cues by which the stakeh ripeneds can recognise, understand and position the hotel in such a way that it builds a strong reputation.Sales Promotion Sales promotion communicates with targeted receivers in a way that is not feasible by using other elements of the promotion mix. It involves any activity that offers an incentive to induce a desired response by staffs, intermediaries, and/or final customers/guests. Sales promotion activities add rate to the service because the incentives ordinarily do not accompany the service. According to the Institute of Sales Promotion , sales promotion is domain of tactical techniques designed within a strategic marketing frameworks to add value to a product or service in order to achieve specific sales and marketing objectives. This added value could be in the form of an inducement, (for example, wrong-offs, coupons, premiums, seasonal-offs) and is intended to encourage guests to act now rather than later. PR and Publicity Public Relations is perceived the most important in terms of marketing Lilybank Lodge. Journalist, media representatives and travel writers have a key role to play in establishing a positive profile.Also, popular sporting events, festivals, or visits by high profile celebrities or prominent politicians are excellent opportunities for eliminating the chronic electronegative image. Process by mass media such as TV, newspapers and films, and accounts given by friends, relatives or associates are powerful in the consumers decision. Lilybank Lodges image as a tourist destination greatly depends on the PR activities of its marketers and the intent to which they can influence or manipulate tourists perceptions of the region(Kitchen, 2003).Tourism representatives had agreed not to underestimate the negative perceptions the prospective tourist had in his/her mind and was created by mass media, newspapers and films covering the trouble. What was needed was a strategic promotion of its tourism attractions on the part of tour operators and promotional bodies seeking to influence potential tourists. However many had their doubts. In McGuckin and Demick (2000) many doubts were rissen One respondent suggested Positive advertising could never fully over come negative editorial or media coverage(Ilchul, 2004).Another that It is difficult for us to control the negative publicity particularly that created by the media. Lilybank Lodge s objective regarding Publicity for 2003 is to create awareness of New Zealand and portray the desired images of the island. E-Marketing and the profits The objective is the offer the consumer information about New Zealand through Internet sites, mail and email to early(prenominal) enquiries in order to convert interest to booking and developing banner advertising to direct consumers to micro-sites, which have special offers and a call to action.Trade Support Activity The objective is to educate and support the market trade so they can promoted New Zealand effectively. Promotions The objective is to offer information and create the intention among consumers to come and visit New Zealand. External Analysis Threats Economic The industry faces major challenges in regaining its battle in the light of reducing customer satisfaction ratings, in particular as regards delivering good value for money. There are a number of key factors influencing this hassleSocial, cultural, demographic and environmental With growing c erstwhilerns for environmental issues, New Zealand needs to become more aware of the problems with litter and pollution. These are the issues with lowest satisfaction levels of visitors as outlined by Failte New Zealand Visitor Attitude Surveys. The increase in competition from Eastern European countries has posed a threat by taking part of the market segment New Zealand once catered for. People are changing the way that they holiday. People are taking shorter holidays, but more often.For example, Vienna, once expensive, has reinvented itself as a reasonable conference and city break destination. In 2002, against the expectations of the industry, the number of domestic trips put down at 5. 8 million represented a decrease on 2001 performance and a 10% decrease on 2000. While business trips are at a steady rate, home holidays and tour friends and relatives is down, as the graph below illustrates. (Cornelissen, 2006) Political, Legal and Government A major decrease in NZ investment funds in Irish tourism poses a major threat to the industry.NZ grants, tax incentives and infrastructure supports are n ot as readily available as in the mid to late 1990s. Technological With the advancements in modern communication the need to travel has become less important. Telephone conferencing and the Internet are now alternatives to one on one business meetings. More affordable and efficient means of transport now allows for shorter stays, and then decreasing potential revenue for hotels. Internal Analysis Strengths Experience With over 20 years in the business the Hotel has an established name and reputation.Recent and Proposed Investment The recent refurbishment and proposed expansion of 20 new bedrooms indicates that the hotel has capital to invest in its growth. Staff and customer loyalty A greatstanding relationship with two employees and the cities business population creates a sense of security within the hotel Good relations with competition The hotel proposed to ask running a training scheme in conjunction with other hotels in the area. This indicates that they have a good relati onship with their competitors. Customer FocusedThe hotel has identified the need to become more customer cerebrate and flexible in their approach to the needs of their clients. Location Having a central location within the city is a major advantage. It provides easy access for customers and suppliers. There is a larger market for the restaurant and bar facilities. Other creature comforts are close by. E. g. Pharmacy, Newsagents etc. Expansion The hotel is be after to expand which shows that they are forward thinking and are not complacent when it comes to competition. Identified Weaknesses (Utilizing resources)They have identified the fact that their employees could be wear utilized with some organization and mean Diverse Workforce The ages of the employees are wide ranging which enriches the companys culture and combines the father and know how of the older generation with the enthusiasm and new ideas of the younger one. Internal Analysis Weaknesses Lack of adroit Workforce The Hotel has had problems with attracting receptionists and chefs with the required level of skill. High Staff turnover There is a constant problem in certain areas for retaining staff.Technology The hotel does not seem to have any computer systems in place which is to its detriment. Older staff resistant to change The fact that there are a number of older staff who have worked in the hotel for a great many years may be a problem with regards to implementing new systems. Training and Development There is currently no training for staff and a lack of foresight for future career paths within the organization. Reactionary The hotel clearly reacts to its problems as opposed to planning for unforeseen circumstances.Although they are planning for the future, they do not take into account the problems they may face. Bad planning and Utilization Employees clearly need to be better organized within the hotel. A problem like shift change times overlapping busy checkout times is something th at just should not be happening in a hotel thats in operation for more than 20 years. Lack of facilities The hotel has only the staple fibre facilities any hotel of its coat would have. A huge competitive advantage is being missed out on overdue to the lack of innovative extras within the hotel.Transport The lack of transport at awkward hours has a significant impact on staff retention in the hotel. Situation Analysis and Preliminary discernment This section includes a SWOT analysis of the Lilybank Lodge case study and preliminary assessments based on currently available data regarding market conditions, market segmentation, and market size. S. W. O. T. Analysis of the Lilybank Lodge case study This section reviews the strengths, weaknesses, external opportunities, and external threats (SWOT) for Lilybank Lodge in its current situation. Internal Strengths There is no so-so(predicate) rooms in the hotel Quality evaluations are very good compared to competitors Located a within b locks of the pecuniary order and Inner Harbor tourist sites External Opportunities Increase sales figures Increase net profit Internal Weaknesses Not too many amenities Received little promotion both locally and nationally No kitchenettes External threats Other hotels or units that offer similar service with the competitive price or even at the lower level Down falling economy Preliminary judging of Market ConditionsThis section records preliminary observations on the market advantages and disadvantages of an all-suite hotel. Advantages Rooms are 500 to 800 square feet compared to traditional hotel rooms which are 300 to 400 square feet Privacy Business people can tolerate small meetings in there hotel rooms Convenient because its located near the business district and near tourist attractions Disadvantages More staff needed More expensive for upkeep Some people dont want such a big room No big spot rooms for weddings etc Market SegmentationAll-suite hotels entered the hosp itality market with the business traveler in mind, providing home-away-from-home comforts for long business trips and separate living and sleeping rooms to better accommodate in-room business meetings. It wasnt long, however, before the benefits to locomotion families became equally apparent. Private sleeping areas for parents or for childrens naptime and kitchen facilities to save money on meals as well as to accommodate childrens eating patterns are among the benefits of all-suite travel for families with children.The market for Lilybank Lodge can be reasonably part into two categories business travelers and leisure travelers. (Holm, 2006) Business Travelers need hotel rooms year round, but usually strain weekdays (M-T). They are likely to evaluate the hotel on the following criteria price (although not very price sensitive, they cant afford to be too free and easy with their expenses), level of personal service provided, decimal point of physical luxury (rooms, restaurants, lobby, decor, extra amenities) location relative to next days usiness meetings, ambiance / atmosphere of hotel and persona of upkeep (clean and fresh). Leisure Travelers tend to visit on weekends. They may be slightly more price sensitive than business travelers and be looking for packaged deals (special weekend rates including some meals), they will also want a location close to shops, restaurants, entertainment and attractions. If they were touring by car then on-site put would be an issue. Preliminary Market Size Analysis In this section, a preliminary market size estimate for business travelers and leisure travelers is produced.Business travelers 31% of hotel occupancy, 51% with groups What is happening to business travel doldrums == high fares and technology alternatives Still need for face-to-face meetings Globalization is a positive factor What do business travelers want Location, service, reputation, appropriate product, price Significance of women as growth business travel market Leisure travelers 68% of trips, 43% of hotel stays Leisure trips have been growing at twice the pace of business trips Recommendations based on assessmentLilybank Lodge has already made a good scoop out towards a successful marketing strategy for their Baltimore Hotel. Its going to be tough to get the hotel started due to the falling economy. The hotel needs to get a good staff. Staff is very important because they leave a lasting impression on the customers. Lilybank Lodge needs to really decoct on customer satisfaction. If they can get customer satisfaction then they have got through half the battle. Lilybank Lodge should also concentrate on online sales.Everyone uses the Internet and thats where he or she will find most of there traveling accommodations. Lilybank Lodge should also go to different businesses and explain to them all the amenities that they offer. They should also reevaluate their amenities because it seems by the survey that they are low in that fa ctor. I believe the Lilybank Lodge. Suites will do just fine. Business people are traveling all the time and they definitely like idea of all suite hotels. Its roomier, very convenient for business meeting and they have privacy which in intermediate hotels they lack that greatly.Lilybank Lodges tourism industry needs to select the correct image for the region and communicate it to the appropriate target markets. Public relations and media management(Picktan, 2005) Conclusion In this paper communication was discussed as a rattling strategic element of Lilybank Lodges especially a new opened hotel and importance was given to integrating the various promotional tools to achieve an effective focus. The main influence for communications and other management functions must be directed by long term aims and objectives developed as part of a comprehensive strategy.References Picktan, D. and Braderick, A. (2005), coordinated Marketing Cammunicatians, Pearsan Educatian Limited, Harlaw. Ka tler, P. (2002), Marketing Management, 11th ed. , scholar-Hall/Pearsan Educatian, Englewaad Cliff, NJ. Belch, G. E. and Belch, M. A. (2003), Advertising and Pramatian, 6th ed. , McGraw Hill. Fill, C. (2006) Marketing Cammunicatians, 4th ed. , Financial Times/ Prentice Hall. Kitchen, P. J. and Schultz, D. E. 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